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Minna no Nihongo lesson 5: vocabulary & grammar
Vocabulary
58 words from lesson 5, with their reading in kana and rōmaji, and an example sentence under each.
| Japanese | Meaning | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| いきます行きますikimasu | To go | |
| がっこうにいきます。Gakkou ni ikimasu.I go to school. | ||
| きます来ますkimasu | To come | |
| やまださんは あした、うちへ きます。Yamada-san wa ashita, uchi e kimasu.Mr. Yamada comes to my house tomorrow. | ||
| かえります帰りますkaerimasu | To go home, return | |
| ろくじにいえにかえります。Rokuji ni ie ni kaerimasu.I come home at six. | ||
| がっこう学校gakkou | school | |
| がっこうまであるいていきます。Gakkou made aruite ikimasu.I'm walking to school. | ||
| スーパーsuupaa | supermarket | |
| スーパーへいきます。Suupaa e ikimasu.I'm going to the supermarket. | ||
| えき駅eki | station | |
| えきはどこですか。Eki wa doko desu ka.Where is the station? | ||
| ひこうき飛行機hikouki | airplane | |
| ひこうきでとうきょうにいきます。Hikouki de toukyou ni ikimasu.I'm going to Tokyo by airplane. | ||
| ふね船fune | ship | |
| ふねでおおさかへいきます。Fune de oosaka e ikimasu.I'm going to Osaka by ship. | ||
| でんしゃ電車densha | electric train | |
| でんしゃでいきます。Densha de ikimasu.I'm going by train. | ||
| ちかてつ地下鉄chikatetsu | underground, subway | |
| ちかてつでかいしゃへいきます。Chikatetsu de kaisha e ikimasu.I go to work by underground. | ||
| しんかんせん新幹線shinkansen | bullet train, high-speed train | |
| しんかんせんできょうとへいきます。Shinkansen de kyouto e ikimasu.I'm going to Kyoto by bullet train. | ||
| バスbasu | bus | |
| バスでがっこうにいきます。Basu de gakkou ni ikimasu.I go to school by bus. | ||
| タクシーtakushii | taxi | |
| タクシーでえきまでいきます。Takushii de eki made ikimasu.I'm going to the station by taxi. | ||
| じてんしゃ自転車jitensha | bicycle | |
| じてんしゃでだいがくへいきます。Jitensha de daigaku e ikimasu.I go to university by bicycle. | ||
| あるいてaruite | on foot | |
| えきまであるいていきます。Eki made aruite ikimasu.I go to the station on foot. | ||
| ひと人hito | person, people | |
| あのひとは わたしの ともだちです。Ano hito wa watashi no tomodachi desu.That person is my friend. | ||
| ともだち友達tomodachi | friend | |
| にちようびに ともだちと デパートへ いきます。Nichiyoubi ni tomodachi to depaato e ikimasu.On Sunday I am going to the department store with a friend. | ||
| かれ彼kare | he, boyfriend, lover | |
| かれは でんしゃで かいしゃへ いきます。Kare wa densha de kaisha e ikimasu.He goes to the office by train. | ||
| かのじょ彼女kanojo | she, girlfriend, lover | |
| かのじょと かいしゃへ いきます。Kanojo to kaisha e ikimasu.I go to the office with my girlfriend. | ||
| かぞく家族kazoku | family | |
| かぞくはよにんです。Kazoku wa yonin desu.My family has four people. | ||
| ひとりで一人でhitori de | Alone, by oneself | |
| ひとりでいきます。Hitori de ikimasu.I go alone. | ||
| せんしゅう先週senshuu | Last week | |
| せんしゅうきょうとへいきました。Senshuu kyouto e ikimashita.I went to Kyoto last week. | ||
| こんしゅう今週konshuu | this week | |
| こんしゅうのどようびにおおさかへいきます。Konshuu no doyoubi ni oosaka e ikimasu.I'm going to Osaka this Saturday. | ||
| らいしゅう来週raishuu | next week | |
| らいしゅうとうきょうにいきます。Raishuu Toukyou ni ikimasu.Next week I'm going to Tokyo. | ||
| せんげつ先月sengetsu | last month | |
| せんげつ、スペインへ かえりました。Sengetsu, supein e kaerimashita.Last month I went back to Spain. | ||
| こんげつ今月kongetsu | this month | |
| こんげつの はつかは にちようびです。Kongetsu no hatsuka wa nichiyoubi desu.The twentieth of this month is a Sunday. | ||
| らいげつ来月raigetsu | next month | |
| らいげつにほんへ いきます。Raigetsu, nihon e ikimasu.Next month I am going to Japan. | ||
| きょねん去年kyonen | last year | |
| きょねんにほんへいきました。Kyonen nihon e ikimashita.Last year I went to Japan. | ||
| ことし今年kotoshi | this year | |
| ことしにほんごをはじめました。Kotoshi nihongo wo hajimemashita.This year I started studying Japanese. | ||
| らいねん来年rainen | next year | |
| らいねんにほんへきます。Rainen nihon e kimasu.I'm coming to Japan next year. | ||
| ねん~nen | ~ year(s) (counter), in dates | |
| にせんにじゅうろくねんに にほんへ いきます。Nisen nijuuroku nen ni nihon e ikimasu.In the year 2026 I am going to Japan. | ||
| なんねんnannen | what year | |
| いまはなんねんですか。Ima wa nannen desu ka.What year is it now? | ||
| がつ~gatsu | -th month of the year | |
| くがつに にほんへ いきます。Kugatsu ni nihon e ikimasu.In the ninth month (September) I am going to Japan. | ||
| なんがつnangatsu | what month | |
| なんがつですか。Nangatsu desu ka.What month is it? | ||
| ついたちtsuitachi | first day of the month | |
| しがつついたちにかいしゃへいきます。Shigatsu tsuitachi ni kaisha e ikimasu.On April first I am going to the office. | ||
| ふつかfutsuka | The second, two days | |
| ふつかにかいしゃへいきます。Futsuka ni kaisha e ikimasu.On the second I am going to the office. | ||
| みっかmikka | third, three days | |
| みっかから いつかまで やすみです。Mikka kara itsuka made yasumi desu.I am off from the third to the fifth. | ||
| よっかyokka | fourth, four days | |
| よっかにがっこうへいきます。Yokka ni gakkou e ikimasu.On the fourth I am going to school. | ||
| いつかitsuka | fifth, five days | |
| ごがついつかに にほんへ いきます。Gogatsu itsuka ni nihon e ikimasu.On May fifth I am going to Japan. | ||
| むいかmuika | six, six days | |
| むいかにデパートへいきます。Muika ni depaato e ikimasu.On the sixth I am going to the department store. | ||
| なのかnanoka | seventh, seven days | |
| しちがつなのかにきょうとへいきます。Shichigatsu nanoka ni kyouto e ikimasu.On July seventh I am going to Kyoto. | ||
| ようかyouka | eighth, eight days | |
| ようかは かれの たんじょうびです。Youka wa kare no tanjoubi desu.The eighth is his birthday. | ||
| ここのかkokonoka | ninth, nine days | |
| くがつここのかにきょうとへいきます。Kugatsu kokonoka ni kyouto e ikimasu.On September ninth I am going to Kyoto. | ||
| とおかtooka | The 10th day; ten days | |
| じゅうがつとおかは やすみです。Juugatsu tooka wa yasumi desu.October tenth is a holiday. | ||
| じゅうよっかjuuyokka | fourteenth, fourteen days | |
| にがつじゅうよっかは かのじょの たんじょうびです。Nigatsu juuyokka wa kanojo no tanjoubi desu.February fourteenth is my girlfriend's birthday. | ||
| はつかhatsuka | twentieth, twenty days | |
| はつかにうちへかえります。Hatsuka ni uchi e kaerimasu.On the twentieth I am going back home. | ||
| にじゅうよっかnijuuyokka | the 24th of the month (also: 24 days) | |
| にじゅうよっかにうちへかえります。Nijuuyokka ni uchi e kaerimasu.On the 24th I am going back home. | ||
| にち~nichi | -th day of the month, - day(s) | |
| たんじょうびはなんがつなんにちですか。Tanjoubi wa nangatsu nannichi desu ka.What month and day is your birthday? | ||
| なんにちnan-nichi | what day of the month | |
| きょうはなんにちですか。Kyou wa nannichi desu ka.What day of the month is it today? | ||
| いつitsu | when | |
| たんじょうびはいつですか。Tanjoubi wa itsu desu ka.When is your birthday? | ||
| たんじょうび誕生日tanjoubi | birthday | |
| わたしの たんじょうびは しがつとおかです。Watashi no tanjoubi wa shigatsu tooka desu.My birthday is April tenth. | ||
| そうですねsou desu ne | Yes, it is | |
| きょうはきんようびですね。そうですね。Kyou wa kinyoubi desu ne. sou desu ne.Today is Friday, isn't it? — Yes, it is. | ||
| どうもありがとうございますdoumo arigatou gozaimasu | Thank you very much | |
| これをどうぞ。どうもありがとうございます。Kore wo douzo. doumo arigatou gozaimasu.Here you are. — Thank you very much. | ||
| ばんせん~bansen | Platform number ~ | |
| つぎのでんしゃはごばんせんです。Tsugi no densha wa gobansen desu.The next train leaves from platform five. | ||
| つぎのtsugi no | next | |
| つぎのでんしゃはきゅうこうです。Tsugi no densha wa kyuukou desu.The next train is an express. | ||
| ふつうfutsuu | local (train) | |
| このでんしゃはふつうです。Kono densha wa futsuu desu.This train is a local train. | ||
| きゅうこうkyuukou | rapid | |
| このでんしゃはきゅうこうですか。Kono densha wa kyuukou desu ka.Is this train a rapid? | ||
| とっきゅうtokkyuu | express | |
| とっきゅうでおおさかへいきます。Tokkyuu de oosaka e ikimasu.I am going to Osaka by super express. | ||
Grammar
The patterns of lesson 5 and their examples, as the app explains them.
へ／で／と — Movement
- N へ V-ますDestination
- N で V-ますMeans of transport
- N と V-ますWith whom
- いつ V-ましたかWhen
Examples
- あした パリへ いきます。ashita Pari e ikimasu.I am going to Paris tomorrow.
- ひこうきで いきます。hikouki de ikimasu.I am going by plane.
- ともだちと いきます。tomodachi to ikimasu.I am going with a friend.
Practise this lesson in the app: you type the answers and it checks them right away.