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Minna no Nihongo lesson 4: vocabulary & grammar
Vocabulary
58 words from lesson 4, with their reading in kana and rōmaji, and an example sentence under each.
| Japanese | Meaning | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| おきます起きますokimasu | get up, wake up (≠ to put, place, from L15 — same reading) | |
| まいあさろくじにおきます。Maiasa rokuji ni okimasu.I get up at six every morning. | ||
| ねます寝ますnemasu | sleep, go to bed | |
| じゅういちじにねます。Juuichiji ni nemasu.I go to bed at eleven. | ||
| はたらきます働きますhatarakimasu | To work | |
| まいにちくじからごじまではたらきます。Mainichi kuji kara goji made hatarakimasu.I work from nine to five every day. | ||
| やすみます休みますyasumimasu | To take a rest, take a holiday | |
| にちようびはやすみます。Nichiyoubi wa yasumimasu.I rest on Sundays. | ||
| べんきょうします勉強しますbenkyou shimasu | To study | |
| まいにちにほんごをべんきょうします。Mainichi nihongo wo benkyou shimasu.I study Japanese every day. | ||
| おわります終わりますowarimasu | To finish | |
| ぎんこうはさんじにおわります。Ginkou wa sanji ni owarimasu.The bank finishes at three. | ||
| デパートdepaato | department store | |
| デパートはなんじからですか。Depaato wa nanji kara desu ka.What time does the department store open? | ||
| ぎんこう銀行ginkou | bank | |
| ぎんこうはくじからさんじまでです。Ginkou wa kuji kara sanji made desu.The bank is open from nine to three. | ||
| ゆうびんきょく郵便局yuubinkyoku | post office | |
| ゆうびんきょくはなんじまでですか。Yuubinkyoku wa nanji made desu ka.Until what time is the post office open? | ||
| としょかん図書館toshokan | library | |
| としょかんはくじからごじまでです。Toshokan wa kuji kara goji made desu.The library is open from nine to five. | ||
| びじゅつかん美術館bijutsukan | art museum, art gallery | |
| びじゅつかんは くじから ごじまで です。Bijutsukan wa kuji kara goji made desu.The art museum is open from nine to five. | ||
| いま今ima | now | |
| いまなんじですか。Ima nanji desu ka.What time is it now? | ||
| じ時ji | o'clock (≠ letter, character, from L9 — same reading) | |
| いまにじです。Ima niji desu.It is two o'clock now. | ||
| ふん / ぷん分fun / pun | Minute(s) | |
| いまさんじじゅうごふんです。Ima sanjijuugo fun desu.It is 3:15 now. | ||
| はん半han | half | |
| ごごじゅうじはんにねます。Gogojuuji han ni nemasu.I go to bed at ten and a half at night. | ||
| なんじ何時nanji | what time | |
| いまなんじですか。Ima nanji desu ka.What time is it now? | ||
| なんにち何日nannichi | which day of the month, how many days | |
| なんにちですか。Nannichi desu ka.What day of the month is today? | ||
| なんぷん何分nanpun | what minute | |
| なんぷんですか。Nanpun desu ka.How many minutes is it? | ||
| ごぜん午前gozen | a.m., morning | |
| ごぜんしちじにおきます。Gozenshichiji ni okimasu.I get up at seven in the morning. | ||
| ごご午後gogo | p.m., afternoon | |
| ごごさんじにかいぎがあります。Gogo sanji ni kaigi ga arimasu.At three in the afternoon there is a meeting. | ||
| あさ朝asa | morning, first part of the day (≠ あした tomorrow, from L4) | |
| あさろくじにおきます。Asa rokuji ni okimasu.I get up at six in the morning. | ||
| ひる昼hiru | daytime, noon | |
| ひるははたらきます。Hiru wa hatarakimasu.I work in the daytime. | ||
| ばん晩ban | Evening (≠ night, from L4) | |
| ばんにねます。Ban ni nemasu.I go to sleep in the evening. | ||
| よる夜yoru | Night (≠ evening, from L4) | |
| よるじゅうにじにねます。Yoru juuniji ni nemasu.I go to bed at twelve at night. | ||
| おとといototoi | the day before yesterday | |
| おとといのあさ、ろくじにおきました。Ototoi no asa, rokuji ni okimashita.The day before yesterday I got up at six in the morning. | ||
| きのう昨日kinou | yesterday | |
| きのう、じゅうじに ねました。Kinou, juuji ni nemashita.Yesterday I went to bed at ten. | ||
| きょう今日kyou | today | |
| きょうは はたらきません。Kyou wa hatarakimasen.I am not working today. | ||
| あしたashita | tomorrow, the next day (≠ morning, from L4) | |
| あしたはなんようびですか。Ashita wa nan youbi desu ka.What day of the week is it tomorrow? | ||
| あさってasatte | the day after tomorrow | |
| あさっては やすみです。Asatte wa yasumi desu.The day after tomorrow is a day off. | ||
| けさ今朝kesa | this morning | |
| けさろくじにおきました。Kesa rokuji ni okimashita.I got up at six this morning. | ||
| こんばん今晩konban | this evening, tonight | |
| こんばん、じゅういちじに ねます。Konban, juuichiji ni nemasu.Tonight I will go to bed at eleven. | ||
| やすみ休みyasumi | A rest, a holiday, a day off | |
| きょうはやすみです。Kyou wa yasumi desu.Today is a free day. | ||
| ひるやすみ昼休みhiruyasumi | lunchtime (lit. noon/afternoon break) | |
| ひるやすみは じゅうにじから いちじまで です。Hiruyasumi wa juuniji kara ichiji made desu.Lunchtime is from twelve to one. | ||
| しけん試験shiken | examination, test | |
| あしたは しけんです。Ashita wa shiken desu.There is an examination tomorrow. | ||
| かいぎ会議kaigi | meeting, conference (〜をします: to hold a meeting) | |
| さんじにかいぎがあります。Sanji ni kaigi ga arimasu.There is a meeting at three. | ||
| えいが映画eiga | film, movie | |
| えいがをみにいきます。Eiga wo mi ni ikimasu.I'm going to see a movie. | ||
| まいあさ毎朝maiasa | every morning | |
| まいあさろくじにおきます。Maiasarokuji ni okimasu.I get up at six every morning. | ||
| まいばん毎晩maiban | every night | |
| まいばんじゅういちじにねます。Maiban juuichiji ni nemasu.I go to bed at eleven every night. | ||
| まいにち毎日mainichi | every day | |
| まいにちにほんごをべんきょうします。Mainichi nihongo wo benkyou shimasu.I study Japanese every day. | ||
| げつようび月曜日getsuyoubi | Monday | |
| げつようびにかいぎがあります。Getsuyoubi ni kaigi ga arimasu.There is a meeting on Monday. | ||
| かようび火曜日kayoubi | Tuesday | |
| かようびにべんきょうします。Kayoubi ni benkyou shimasu.I study on Tuesdays. | ||
| すいようび水曜日suiyoubi | Wednesday | |
| すいようびはやすみです。Suiyoubi wa yasumi desu.Wednesday is my day off. | ||
| もくようび木曜日mokuyoubi | Thursday | |
| もくようびにえいがをみます。Mokuyoubi ni eiga wo mimasu.On Thursday I see a movie. | ||
| きんようび金曜日kin-youbi | Friday | |
| きんようびはなんじまではたらきますか。Kin'youbi wa nanji made hatarakimasu ka.Until what time do you work on Friday? | ||
| どようび土曜日doyoubi | Saturday | |
| どようびはしごとをしません。Doyoubi wa shigoto wo shimasen.I don't work on Saturday. | ||
| にちようび日曜日nichiyoubi | Sunday | |
| にちようびはやすみです。Nichiyoubi wa yasumi desu.Sunday is a day off. | ||
| なんようびnan-youbi | what day of the week | |
| きょうはなんようびですか。Kyou wa nan-youbi desu ka.What day of the week is today? | ||
| からkara | from ~ [a place or a time] | |
| くじからごじまではたらきます。Kuji kara goji made hatarakimasu.I work from nine to five. | ||
| までmade | up to ~, until ~ | |
| ぎんこうはさんじまでです。Ginkou wa sanji made desu.The bank is open until three. | ||
| と~to~ | And, connecting nouns | |
| どようびと にちようびは やすみです。Doyoubi to nichiyoubi wa yasumi desu.Saturday and Sunday are days off. | ||
| たいへんですねtaihen desu ne | That's tough isn't it? (used when expressing sympathy) | |
| まいにち、しちじから じゅうじまで はたらきます。たいへんですね。Mainichi, shichiji kara juuji made hatarakimasu. taihen desu ne.I work every day from seven to ten. — That's rough! | ||
| ばんごう番号bangou | number | |
| でんわの ばんごうは なんばんですか。Denwa no bangou wa nanban desu ka.What is the phone number? | ||
| なんばん何番nanban | what number | |
| かいしゃの でんわは なんばんですか。Kaisha no denwa wa nanban desu ka.What is the company's phone number? | ||
| ニューヨークNyuu Yooku | New York | |
| ニューヨークはいまごぜんろくじです。Nyuuyooku wa ima gozen rokuji desu.In New York it is six a.m. now. | ||
| ペキンPekin | Beijing | |
| ペキンはいまなんじですか。Pekin wa ima nanji desu ka.What time is it in Beijing now? | ||
| ロサンゼルスRosanzerusu | Los Angeles | |
| ロサンゼルスはいまごごさんじです。Rosanzerusu wa ima gogo sanji desu.In Los Angeles it is three p.m. now. | ||
| ロンドンRondon | London | |
| ロンドンはいまごぜんくじです。Rondon wa ima gozen kuji desu.In London it is nine a.m. now. | ||
| とうきょうtoukyou | the capital of Japan | |
| とうきょうはいまなんじですか。Toukyou wa ima nanji desu ka.What time is it in Tokyo? | ||
Grammar
The patterns of lesson 4 and their examples, as the app explains them.
Masu Verbs + Tense
- V-ますPresent
- V-ましたPast
- V-ませんNegative
- V-ませんでしたNegative past
- ～じ に V-ますAt what time
- ～から ～までFrom ～ to
- N と NAnd (nouns)
Examples
- まいあさ ７じに おきます。maiasa shichi-ji ni okimasu.I wake up at 7 every morning.
- きのう べんきょうしませんでした。kinou benkyou shimasen deshita.I did not study yesterday.
- ８じから ２じまで です。hachi-ji kara ni-ji made desu.From 8 to 2 o'clock.
Practise this lesson in the app: you type the answers and it checks them right away.